The picturesque city of Chania is the second largest city in Crete. As indicated by excavations on Kastelli Hill, Chania is believed to be built on the site of Minoan Kydonia.
During the Byzantine era, the city was fortified and developed substantially. Later, the Venetians turned Chania into a great castle with impenetrable walls. In 1850, Sultan Abdul Mezit visited Crete and decided to construct a naval base in the gulf of Souda, which established Chania as the capital of the island until 1971. In 1898, following the liberation of Crete from the Turks, and while Crete was an autonomous state, great buildings were constructed in the city and the suburb of Halepa. In 1913, following centuries of slavery, the glory of Chania reached its peak during the hoisting of the Greek flag in the fortress Firkas, marking the final Union of Crete with Greece.
During World War II, Chania played an important role in the outcome of the fight against the Germans. The nearby airport of Maleme was the epicentre of the glorious Battle of Crete. In April 1945, Chania was the last European city to be liberated from the Germans.
Some attractions of Chania include the old town, the Venetian harbour with the Egyptian lighthouse, the mosque of Küçük Hasan, the pedestrian road of Koum Kapi, the shipyards, the great Arsenal which houses the Centre for Mediterranean Architecture, the central market, the Kastelli Hill with the old